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Studi di China: Golongan Darah O Lebih Kebal Terhadap Virus Corona

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Sebuah studi pendahuluan di China menyebutkan, orang dengan golongan darah tipe O dinilai lebih resisten terinfeksi virus corona.

Sementara, orang dengan golongan darah A dimungkinkan lebih rentan terhadap infeksi virus SARS-CoV-2 ini.


Dilansir dari South China morning Post, peneliti medis di China mengambil pola golongan darah dari 2.000 pasien yang terinfeksi virus di Kota Wuhan, China dan Shenzhen dan membandingkannya dengan populasi setempat.

Golongan darah A Peneliti menemukan, pasien bergolongan darah A menunjukkan tingkat infeksi yang lebih tinggi dan mereka cenderung mengalami gejala yang lebih parah.

Sementara itu, para peneliti juga mengungkapkan, studi ini adalah langkah awal dan masih membutuhkan penelitian lebih lanjut.

Meskipun demikian, peneliti mendesak pemerintah dan fasilitas medis untuk mempertimbangkan perbedaan golongan darah tersebut ketika merencanakan langkah-langkah mitigasi atau merawat pasien dengan Covid-19.

“Orang-orang dari golongan darah A mungkin secara khusus perlu memperkuat perlindungan pribadi untuk mengurangi kemungkinan terinfeksi virus corona,” tulis para peneliti yang dipimpin oleh Wang Xinghuan dengan Pusat Pengobatan Berbasis Bukti dan Terjemahan di Rumah Sakit Zhongnan, Universitas Wuhan.

“Pasien yang terinfeksi SARS-CoV-2 dengan golongan darah A mungkin perlu menerima pengawasan yang ketat dan perawatan yang agresif,” ujar Wang.

Golongan darah O Di sisi lain, sebuah makalah yang diterbitkan di situs pracetak untuk Ilmu Kesehatan di bawah lembaga penelitian dan pendidikan, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, di New York, AS, mengungkapkan golongan darah O memiliki resistensi terhadap virus corona dibandingkan dengan golongan darah non-O.

Hal itu bisa dilihat dari 206 pasien yang meninggal karena Covid-19 di Wuhan, 85 di antaranya mempunyai golongan darah A.

Jumlah itu adalah 63 persen lebih banyak dari golongan darah O yang dimiliki 52 orang Pola seperti ini juga ada pada kelompok usia dan jenis kelamin yang berbeda.

“Mungkin bermanfaat untuk memperkenalkan golongan darah A-B-O pada pasien dan tenaga medis untuk membantu menentukan opsi manajemen dan menilai tingkat paparan risiko orang,” ujar Wang.

Diketahui, studi ini dilakukan oleh para ilmuwan dan dokter dari kota-kota di seluruh China, termasuk Beijing, Wuhan, Shanghai, dan Shenzen.

Penulis mengingatkan, mungkin ada risiko dalam menggunakan penelitian untuk memandu praktik klinis saat ini.

Keterbatasan Penelitian
Seorang peneliti dari State Key Laboratory of Experimental Haematology di Tianjin yang tidak terlibat dalam penelitian ini, Gao Yingdai, menyampaikan, hal itu dapat ditingkatkan dengan ukuran sampel yang lebih besar.

Meskipun angka 2.000 tidaklah kecil, jumlah itu bisa dianggap kecil lantaran dibandingkan oleh jumlah total pasien global yakni 180.000 kasus.

Gao mengungkapkan, keterbatasan lain dari penelitian ini adalah tidak memberikan penjelasan yang jelas tentang fenomena tersebut, seperti interaksi molekuler antara virus dan berbagai jenis sel darah merah.

Sementara diketahui, golongan darah ditentukan oleh antigen.

Antigen merupakan suatu komponen pada permukaan sel darah merah yang dapat memicu respons imun.

Perbedaan golongan darah telah diamati pada penyakit menular lainnya, termasuk virus Norwalk, hepatitis B, dan sindrom pernapasan akut (SARS).

Terkait studi baru ini, Gao menjelaskan penelitian ini mungkin membantu para profesional medis, tetapi warga tidak harus menganggap data terlalu serius.

“Jika kamu tipe A, tidak perlu panik. Itu tidak berarti Anda akan terinfeksi 100 persen,” ujar Gao.

“Kemudian, jika kamu tipe O, itu tidak berarti kamu juga benar-benar aman. Anda masih perlu mencuci tangan dan mengikuti pedoman yang dikeluarkan oleh pihak berwenang,” lanjut dia.

Sumber: tribunnews.com
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